1124The city of Tyre falls to the Venetian Crusade after a siege of 19 weeks.
1456A retrial verdict acquits Joan of Arc of heresy 25 years after her execution.
1520Spanish conquistadores defeat a larger Aztec army at the Battle of Otumba.
1534Jacques Cartier makes his first contact with aboriginal peoples in what is now Canada.
1548Scotland and France conclude the Treaty of Haddington in response to the war known as the "Rough Wooing". According to the treaty, the five-year-old Mary, Queen of Scots, is to marry the Dauphin of France.
1575The Raid of the Redeswire is the last major battle between England and Scotland.
1585The Treaty of Nemours abolishes tolerance to Protestants in France.
1667An English fleet completes the destruction of a French merchant fleet off Fort St Pierre, Martinique during the Second Anglo-Dutch War.
1770After three days of battle around Chesma, the Russian fleet defeats the Ottoman Navy, inflicting one of the most severe naval defeats on the Ottoman Empire since Lepanto.
1777American forces retreating from Fort Ticonderoga are defeated in the Battle of Hubbardton.
1798As a result of the XYZ Affair, the US Congress rescinds the Treaty of Alliance with France sparking the "Quasi-War".
1807The first Treaty of Tilsit between France and Russia is signed, ending hostilities between the two countries in the War of the Fourth Coalition.
1834In New York City, four nights of rioting against abolitionists began.
1846US troops occupy Monterey and Yerba Buena, thus beginning the US conquest of California.
1863The United States begins its first military draft; exemptions cost $300.
1892The Katipunan is established, the discovery of which by Spanish authorities initiated the Philippine Revolution.
1898US presidentWilliam McKinley signs the Newlands Resolution, annexing Hawaii as a territory of the United States.
1900The luxury racing yacht Idler capsizes and sinks on Lake Erie during a storm, drowning six of its seven passengers (all members of the family of Cleveland businessman James C. Corrigan).
1907Florenz Ziegfeld Jr. staged his first Follies on the roof of the New York Theater in New York City.
1911The United States, UK, Japan, and Russia sign the North Pacific Fur Seal Convention of 1911 banning open-water seal hunting, the first international treaty to address wildlife preservation issues.
1915World War I: The First Battle of the Isonzo between Italy and Austria-Hungary comes to an end.
1915Colombo Town Guard officer Henry Pedris is executed in British Ceylon for allegedly inciting persecution of Muslims.
1916The New Zealand Labour Party was founded in Wellington.
1928Sliced bread is sold for the first time (on the inventor's 48th birthday) by the Chillicothe Baking Company of Chillicothe, Missouri.
1930Industrialist Henry J. Kaiser begins construction of Boulder Dam (now known as Hoover Dam).
1930The Finnish far-right Lapua Movement organises the Peasant March demonstration in Helsinki to put pressure on the government to prohibit communist activities.
1937The Peel Commission Report recommends the partition of Palestine, which was the first formal recommendation for partition in the history of Palestine.
1941The US occupation of Iceland replaces the UK's occupation.
1946Mother Francesca S. Cabrini becomes the first American to be canonized.
1946Howard Hughes nearly dies when his XF-11 reconnaissance aircraft prototype crashes in a Beverly Hills neighborhood.
1952The ocean liner passes Bishop Rock on her maiden voyage, breaking the transatlantic speed record to become the fastest passenger ship in the world.
1992The New York Court of Appeals rules that women have the same right as men to go topless in public.
1997The Turkish Armed Forces withdraw from northern Iraq after assisting the Kurdistan Democratic Party in the Iraqi Kurdish Civil War.
2003NASA Opportunity rover, MER-B or Mars Exploration Rover–B, was launched into space aboard a Delta II rocket.
2005A series of four explosions occurs on London's transport system, killing 56 people, including four suicide bombers, and injuring over 700 others.
2006A shootout happens in Spiritwood, Canada, killing two Royal Canadian Mounted Police and wounding a third officer.
2007The first Live Earth benefit concert was held in 11 locations around the world.
2011A man goes on a killing spree in Grand Rapids, Michigan, killing seven and wounding two before killing himself.
2012At least 172 people are killed in a flash flood in the Krasnodar Krai region of Russia.
2013A De Havilland Otter air taxi crashes in Soldotna, Alaska, killing ten people.
2016Ex-US Army soldier Micah Xavier Johnson shoots fourteen policemen, killing five of them, in downtown Dallas, Texas at the end of a protest of recent police killings of Black men. He is subsequently killed by a robot-delivered bomb.
2017The Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons was adopted with 122 countries voting in favour.
2019The United States defeated the Netherlands 2–0 at the 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup final in Lyon, France.
2021Haitian crisis: Haitian President Jovenel Moïse is assassinated in his residence in the capital of Port-au-Prince.
2022Boris Johnson announces his resignation as leader of the Conservative Party following days of pressure from the Members of Parliament (MPs) during the July 2022 United Kingdom government crisis.
1890Henri Nestlé, German businessman, founded Nestlé (born 1814)
1901Johanna Spyri, Swiss author (born 1827)
1913Edward Burd Grubb Jr., American general and diplomat, United States Ambassador to Spain (born 1841)
1922Cathal Brugha, Irish revolutionary and politician, active in the Easter Rising, Irish War of Independence; first Ceann Comhairle and first President of Dáil Éireann (born 1874)
1925Clarence Hudson White, American photographer and educator (born 1871)
1927Gösta Mittag-Leffler, Swedish mathematician and academic (born 1846)
1930Arthur Conan Doyle, British writer, creator of Sherlock Holmes (born 1859)
1932Henry Eyster Jacobs, American theologian and educator (born 1844)
1939Deacon White, American baseball player and manager (born 1847)
1950Fats Navarro, American trumpet player and composer (born 1923)
1955Ali Naci Karacan, Turkish journalist and publisher (born 1896)
1956Gottfried Benn, German author and poet (born 1886)
1960Francis Browne, Irish priest and photographer (born 1880)
1964Lillian Copeland, American discus thrower and shot putter (born 1904)
1965Moshe Sharett, Ukrainian-Israeli lieutenant and politician, 2nd Prime Minister of Israel (born 1894)
1968Jo Schlesser, French race car driver (born 1928)
1970Dame Laura Knight, English artist (born 1877)
1971Claude Gauvreau, Canadian poet and playwright (born 1925)
1972Athenagoras I of Constantinople (born 1886)
1973Max Horkheimer, German philosopher and sociologist (born 1895)
1973Veronica Lake, American actress (born 1922)
1978Francisco Mendes, Guinea-Bissau lawyer and politician, 1st Prime Minister of Guinea-Bissau (born 1933)
1980Dore Schary, American director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1905)
1982Bon Maharaja, Indian guru and religious writer (born 1901)
1984George Oppen, American poet and author (born 1908)
1987Germaine Thyssens-Valentin, Dutch-French pianist (born 1902)
1990Bill Cullen, American television panelist and game show host (born 1920)
1990Cazuza, Brazilian singer and songwriter (born 1958)
1993Rıfat Ilgaz, Turkish author, poet, and educator (born 1911)
1993Mia Zapata, American singer (born 1965)
1994Carlo Chiti, Italian engineer (born 1924)
1994Friedrich August Freiherr von der Heydte, German general (born 1907)
1998Moshood Abiola, Nigerian businessman and politician (born 1937)
1999Vikram Batra, Param Vir Chakra, Indian Army personnel (born 1974)
1999Julie Campbell Tatham, American author (born 1908)
2000Kenny Irwin Jr., American race car driver (born 1969)
2001Fred Neil, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (born 1936)
2003Izhak Graziani, Bulgarian trumpet player and conductor (born 1924)
2006Syd Barrett, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (born 1946)
2006Juan de Ávalos, Spanish sculptor (born 1911)
2006John Money, New Zealand-American psychologist and author (born 1921)
2007Anne McLaren, British scientist (born 1927)
2007Donald Michie, British scientist (born 1923)
2008Bruce Conner, American sculptor, painter, and photographer (born 1933)
2008Dorian Leigh, American model (born 1917)
2011Allan W. Eckert, American historian and author (born 1931)
2011Dick Williams, American baseball player, coach, and manager (born 1929)
2012Dennis Flemion, American drummer (born 1955)
2012Ronaldo Cunha Lima, Brazilian poet and politician (born 1936)
2012Doris Neal, American baseball player (born 1928)
2012Jerry Norman, American sinologist and linguist (born 1936)
2012Leon Schlumpf, Swiss politician (born 1927)
2013Artur Hajzer, Polish mountaineer (born 1962)
2013Robert Hamerton-Kelly, South African-American pastor, theologian, and author (born 1938)
2013Donald J. Irwin, American lawyer and politician, 32nd Mayor of Norwalk, Connecticut (born 1926)
2013Ben Pucci, American football player and sportscaster (born 1925)
2014Alfredo Di Stéfano, Argentinian-Spanish footballer and coach (born 1926)
2014Eduard Shevardnadze, Georgian general and politician, 2nd President of Georgia (born 1928)
2014Peter Underwood, Australian lawyer and politician, 27th Governor of Tasmania (born 1937)
2015Maria Barroso, Portuguese actress and politician (born 1925)
2015Bob MacKinnon, American basketball player and coach (born 1927)
2021Robert Downey Sr., American actor and director (born 1936)
2021Dilip Kumar, Indian film actor (born 1922)
2021Jovenel Moïse, Haitian entrepreneur and politician, President of Haiti (born 1968)
2024Jane McAlevey, American labor organizer and author (born 1964)
2025Wayne Dobson, English magician (born 1957)
2025Roman Starovoyt, Russian politician (born 1972)