74 a. C.A group of officials, led by the Western Han minister Huo Guang, present articles of impeachment against the new emperor, Liu He, to the imperial regent, Empress Dowager Shangguan.
70 a. C.Gaius Verres is found guilty of corruption after his defense lawyer Quintus Hortensius abandons the case as hopeless.
29 a. C.Octavian holds the second of three consecutive triumphs in Rome to celebrate the victory over the Dalmatian tribes.
1040King Duncan I is killed in battle against his first cousin and rival Macbeth. The latter succeeds him as King of Scotland.
1136Abbasid Caliph al-Rashid Billah flees from Bagdhad, which had been besieged by an army of the Seljuk Turks under Sultan Ghiyath ad-Din Mas'ud for fifty days.
1183Taira no Munemori and the Taira clan take the young Emperor Antoku and the three sacred treasures and flee to western Japan to escape pursuit by the Minamoto clan.
1264After tricking the Venetian galley fleet into sailing east to the Levant, the Genoese capture an entire Venetian trade convoy at the Battle of Saseno.
1352War of the Breton Succession: Anglo-Bretons defeat the French in the Battle of Mauron.
1385Portuguese Crisis of 1383–85: Battle of Aljubarrota: Portuguese forces commanded by John I of Portugal defeat the Castilian army of John I of Castile.
1598Nine Years' War: Battle of the Yellow Ford: Irish forces under Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone, defeat an English expeditionary force under Henry Bagenal.
1720The Spanish military Villasur expedition is defeated by Pawnee and Otoe warriors near present-day Columbus, Nebraska.
1784Russian colonization of North America: Awa'uq Massacre: The Russian fur trader Grigory Shelikhov storms a Kodiak Island Alutiit refuge rock on Sitkalidak Island, killing 500+ Alutiit.
1790The Treaty of Wereloe ends the 1788–1790 Russo-Swedish War.
1791Slaves from plantations in Saint-Domingue hold a Vodou ceremony led by houngan Dutty Boukman at Bois Caïman, marking the start of the Haitian Revolution.
1814A cease fire agreement, called the Convention of Moss, ends the Swedish–Norwegian War.
1816The United Kingdom formally annexes the Tristan da Cunha archipelago, administering the islands from the Cape Colony in South Africa.
1848Oregon Territory is organized by act of Congress.
1848Pica Law (Legge Pica), a form of martial law, is established as the Italian government passes this anti-brigandage law to suppress resistance to the Unification of Italy.
1880Construction of Cologne Cathedral, the most famous landmark in Cologne, Germany, is completed.
1885Japan's first patent is issued to the inventor of a rust-proof paint.
1893France becomes the first country to introduce motor vehicle registration.
1900Battle of Peking: The Eight-Nation Alliance occupies Beijing, China, in a campaign to end the bloody Boxer Rebellion in China.
1901The first claimed powered flight, by Gustave Whitehead in his Number 21.
1914World War I: Start of the Battle of Lorraine, an unsuccessful French offensive.
1917World War I: The Republic of China, which had heretofore been shipping labourers to Europe to assist in the war effort, officially declares war on the Central Powers, although it will continue to send to Europe labourers instead of combatants for the remaining duration of the war.
1920The 1920 Summer Olympics, having started four months earlier, officially open in Antwerp, Belgium, with the newly adopted Olympic flag and the Olympic oath being raised and taken at the Opening Ceremony for the first time in Olympic history.
1921Tannu Uriankhai, later Tuvan People's Republic is established as a completely independent country (which is supported by Soviet Russia).
1933Loggers cause a forest fire in the Coast Range of Oregon, later known as the first forest fire of the Tillamook Burn; destroying of land.
1935Franklin D. Roosevelt signs the Social Security Act, creating a government pension system for the retired.
1936Rainey Bethea is hanged in Owensboro, Kentucky in the last known public execution in the United States.
1947Pakistan gains independence from the British Empire as the Dominion of Pakistan, due to the partition of India.
1948An Idaho Department of Fish and Game program to relocate beavers known as Beaver drop occurred. This program relocated beavers from Northwestern Idaho to Central Idaho by airplane and then parachuting the beavers into the Chamberlain Basin.
1967UK Marine Broadcasting Offences Act 1967 declares participation in offshore pirate radio illegal.
1969The Troubles: British troops are deployed in Northern Ireland as political and sectarian violence breaks out, marking the start of the 37-year Operation Banner.
1972An Ilyushin Il-62 airliner crashes near Königs Wusterhausen, East Germany killing 156 people.
1974Turkey launches the second phase of the invasion of Cyprus, which eventually resulted in the Turkish occupation of 37% of Cyprus.
1980Lech Wałęsa leads strikes at the Gdańsk, Poland shipyards.
1994Ilich Ramírez Sánchez, also known as "Carlos the Jackal", is captured.
1996Greek Cypriot refugee Solomos Solomou is shot and killed by a Turkish security officer while trying to climb a flagpole in order to remove a Turkish flag from its mast in the United Nations Buffer Zone in Cyprus.
2003A widescale power blackout affects the northeast United States and Canada.
2005Helios Airways Flight 522, en route from Larnaca, Cyprus to Prague, Czech Republic via Athens, crashes in the hills near Grammatiko, Greece, killing 121 passengers and crew.
2006Lebanon War: A ceasefire takes effect three days after the United Nations Security Council's approval of United Nations Security Council Resolution 1701, formally ending hostilities between Lebanon and Israel.
2006Sri Lankan Civil War: Sixty-one schoolgirls killed in Chencholai bombing by Sri Lanka Air Force air strike.
2007The Kahtaniya bombings kill at least 500 people.
2013UPS Airlines Flight 1354 crashes short of the runway at Birmingham–Shuttlesworth International Airport, killing both crew members on board.
2015The U.S. Embassy in Havana, Cuba re-opens after 54 years of being closed when Cuba–United States relations were broken off.
2018The collapse of the Ponte Morandi bridge in Genoa, Italy, left 16 people injured and 43 people killed.
2021A magnitude 7.2 earthquake strikes southwestern Haiti, killing at least 2,248 people and causing a humanitarian crisis.
2022An explosion destroys a market in Armenia, killing six people and injuring dozens.
2023Former U.S. president Donald Trump is charged in Georgia along with 18 others in attempting to overturn the results of the 2020 election in that state, his fourth indictment of 2023.
Nacimientos (167)
1479Catherine of York (died 1527)
1499John de Vere, 14th Earl of Oxford, English politician (died 1526)
1502Pieter Coecke van Aelst, Flemish painter (died 1550)
1530Giambattista Benedetti, Italian mathematician and physicist (died 1590)
1552Paolo Sarpi, Italian writer (died 1623)
1599Méric Casaubon, Swiss-English scholar and author (died 1671)
1642Cosimo III de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (died 1723)
1653Christopher Monck, 2nd Duke of Albemarle, English colonel and politician, Lieutenant Governor of Jamaica (died 1688)
1688Frederick William I of Prussia (died 1740)
1714Claude Joseph Vernet, French painter (died 1789)
1737Charles Hutton, English mathematician and surveyor (died 1823)
1738Leopold Hofmann, Austrian composer and conductor (died 1793)
1742Pope Pius VII (died 1823)
1758Carle Vernet, French painter and lithographer (died 1836)
1777Hans Christian Ørsted, Danish physicist and chemist (died 1851)
1802Letitia Elizabeth Landon, English poet and novelist (died 1838)
1814Charlotte Fowler Wells, American phrenologist and publisher (died 1901)
1817Alexander H. Bailey, American lawyer, judge, and politician (died 1874)
1840Richard von Krafft-Ebing, German-Austrian psychologist and author (died 1902)
1847Robert Comtesse, Swiss lawyer and politician (died 1922)
1848Margaret Lindsay Huggins, Anglo-Irish astronomer and author (died 1915)
1851Doc Holliday, American dentist and gambler (died 1887)
1860Ernest Thompson Seton, American author, artist, and naturalist (died 1946)
1863Ernest Thayer, American poet and author (died 1940)
1865Guido Castelnuovo, Italian mathematician and academic (died 1952)
1866Charles Jean de la Vallée-Poussin, Belgian mathematician and academic (died 1962)
1867Cupid Childs, American baseball player (died 1912)
1867John Galsworthy, English novelist and playwright, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1933)